Online apparel prices are rising faster than offline apparel prices in the US. In March 2022, apparel prices increased 16.3 per cent Y-o-Y and 0.3 per cent M-o-M, reveals online inflation data by Adobe. Reversing longstanding pattern of seasonal discounts impacting online apparel prices, they outpaced the Consumer Price Index (CPI) in March.

Over the last 12 months, apparel has consistently outpaced CPI, which captures prices that consumers pay for goods offline. In February, apparel prices rose 11.0 per cent in the Digital Price Index (DPI), compared to 3.1 per cent in the CPI (indexed to 2014).

Powered by Adobe Analytics, the Adobe Digital Price Index analyzes one trillion visits to retail sites and over 100 million SKUs across 18 product categories. In March, 14 of the 18 categories tracked by the DPI saw YoY price increases, with apparel rising the most.

The DPI is modeled after the CPI, published by the US Bureau of Labour Statistics, and uses the Fisher Price Index to track online prices. The Fisher Price Index uses quantities of matched products purchased in the current period (month) and a previous period (previous month) to calculate the price changes by category. Adobe’s analysis is weighted by the real quantities of the products purchased in the two adjacent months.

Intensified by the pandemic, supply chain woes are offering US brands new opportunities to bring apparel production back to the country. Many apparel makers had shifted production overseas in the 1990s mostly to China and few Asian countries that offered cheap labor, raw materials and lower operating costs. Now, with apparel manufacturing becoming more technically advanced and environmentally and socially conscious, manufacturers plan to reshore production back to the US. However, for this, they first need to reevaluate and renovate their supply chains. And as per a Fortune report, companies that seem most capable to achieve this are smaller, independent brands as they are better positioned to shift production back to the US.

Raw material shortage, high costs make reshoring unviable

Around 24 per cent of US manufacturers plan to reshore operations by 2025, says a ThomasNet report published in July 2021. However, they are incapable of reshoring as of now because of non availability of raw materials like fabric, zippers, and buttons within the country. Labor costs and overhead expenses too are an added burden which makes goods less competitive and profitable.

Covid outbreak has led to US apparel supply chains being completely destroyed and big companies are still struggling to find real-time solutions. The pandemic-induced factory and textile mill lockdowns, shipping disruptions and shifts in consumer buying patterns highlighted brands’ dependence on overseas production.

What’s more, big companies operating in the US cannot alter their production schedules as they produce millions of pieces at a time. However, smaller apparel companies can flow their products from as far as China. These brands also manufacture goods in smaller quantities to avoid using excess inventory. This enables them to sell more easily.

Innovation-key to reshoring by US brands

US brands cannot reshore production without innovating their products and processes. They are introducing innovative concepts like make-to-order and limited-edition goods to start reshoring. Brands are also digitizing fashion by using 3D designs for quicker and more efficient production. Automation is being done with made-to-order production and leveraging new technologies from innovators like Lectra, Shima Seiki, and Twine.

Innovations allow small brands to introduce pre-sale or limited-edition collections despite the small-batch production being more expensive. Product innovations enable them to build an emotional connect with consumers and highlight the benefits of slow fashion.

Smaller brands uphold their brand’s environmentally and socially conscious values by operating in small factories. Big brands consider reshoring only by engaging smaller US factories for prototyping, made-to-order goods, limited edition offerings, and upcycling, or leaning into digital experimentation, like NFTs and Web3.

Metaverse is emerging as the hottest trend in the Sri Lankan fashion industry with brands creating outfits existing either partially or completely in the virtual space Financial services company Morgan Stanley predicts, metaverse would add nearly 25 per cent to Sri Lanka fashion industry’s total earnings by 2030. It would be almost ten times Sri Lanka’s earnings from apparel exports in 2021.

Brands Dolce and Gabbana sold nine Non-Fungible Token (NFT) pieces worth $5.7 million while popular online game ‘Second Life’ held the first ever Metaverse Fashion Week on Valentine’s Day 2022.

Virtual apparels and ads on metaverse

Fashion brands are profiting through the metaverse by producing virtual apparel for digital avatars. In some cases, the items exist in metaverse but in others, they have a Real Life (IRL) counterpart. Fashion brands are also benefitting by advertising designs through metaverse equivalent of a retail outlet. They are organizing fashion shows like Decentraland’s Virtual Fashion Week, that allows one to virtually attend fashion shows and live music sessions at branded after-parties and buy and wear digital clothing directly from catwalk avatars

Enhancing Sri Lanka’s industry value

Yohan Lawrence, Secretary General, Joint Apparel Association Forum (JAAF) believes, metaverse may shape the next decade of fashion with Web 3, 5G and the Internet of Things, virtual and augmented reality, and NFTs and blockchain technology leading to entirely novel business models in fashion. Led by domestic multinationals like MAS, Brandix, Norlanka etc, the Sri Lankan apparel industry has grown into a high-value, highly complex industry within the global apparel supply chain. Science and technology have enabled Sri Lankan brands to produce more complex products such as the ‘Second skin’ E-knit range of intimates and athleisure lines, and more recently fem-tech and recovery wear, says Gihan Philip, Director Technology Commercialization, MAS.

These products were created after a considerable amount of research and development. However, brands are expanding their design capabilities with new investments in digitalization. It may also opt for creating fashion for the metaverse next, adds Philip.

Both brands and apparel manufacturers plan to collaborate for launching virtual collections with new and improved technologies, Phillip. says M&S has been engaged in scanning, imaging and simulation of materials. This enables the brand to generate authentic digital twins for its designs and make changes accordingly, he avers.

Metaverse facilitates social media involvement

Jeevith Senaratine, Director-Operations, Star Garments (Director of operations), points out, metaverse allows brands to simply scan a model and combine it with apparel designs to showcase them entirely virtually. Brands can also explore the benefits of social media to analyze consumer responses to particular designs, and alter their design accordingly.

Hirdaramani has benefitted from virtual designs and made significant investments in latest 3D-Fit software systems like: CLO, Browzwear, and Tuka Tech. This has increased its capabilities.

Brandix has installed advanced capabilities at its factory. It has introduced advanced motion sensing and seamless haptic actuator integration designs. Powered by Artificial Intelligence, these designs can measure the framework of an individual’s physique. Such technologies can create new applications in sports and fitness by integrating with virtual worlds, says Hasib Omar, Non-Executive Director, Brandix. v Another Sri Lankan apparel company Norlanka is adopting an asset-light business model. Owner of a few manufacturing facilities, the company, buys most of its capacity from SME partners. Currently, it develops only digital products for few of clients but is looking for opportunities to increase efficiency and add value for customers. Involved in digital sampling project, Norlanka has been able to clearly showcase every facet of a range to partners and buyers. It can produce both purely digital and hybrid designs for the metaverse, says Buddhi Paranamana, Chief Innovation Officer. These designs can also be used as NFTs in metaverse.

Currently, the world of metaverse is being explored mostly by high profile brands that are capturing most up-front value. To penetrate further, apparel makers need to build own brands and designers first.

On the pretext of supply delay caused by container shortages, a section of local agents of international suppliers have allegedly been selling cotton to parties other than original importers they have sales contracts with.

Despite the opening of LCs, local spinning mills are now facing a cotton crisis owing to an untimely supply of cotton as a number of local agents, through whom they placed the cotton import orders to international suppliers, have reportedly sold the key clothing raw material to others.

Spinners are not getting cotton shipments even though 3-4 months have gone past since deadlines ended. They are now trying to reach out to international suppliers, but in most cases, there is hardly any response.

To cope with the situation, some spinning mills are having to source cotton locally at higher prices. Cotton price has now increased to $1.65 per pound from $.95 six-seven months ago.

Bangladesh mainly imports cotton from Louis Dreyfus Company, Olam International and Cargill Cotton.

BTMA is planning to make separate rules for cotton imports says, MdKhorshedAlam, Chairman - Standing Committee on Development for Local Spinning, Weaving, Dying and Printing Mills.

Bangladesh imports about 9 million bales of cotton annually, which meets 98 per cent of its annual demand. There are more than 1,500 BTMA member textile mills in the country. Of them, 433 are yarn manufacturing mills.

United States imported 21.34 per cent more children’s clothing to $485.48 million in January-February of this year. As per an Apparel Resources report, the country increased imports from China, India, and Vietnam dramatically, while those from Bangladesh increased very little.

During January-February this year, US kidswear imports from China increased by 24 per cent Y-o-Y to $119.74 million, while imports from India increased by 24.81 percent Y-o-Y to $76 million. Combined, India and China accounted for roughly 41 per cent of US kidswear imports in the first two months.

Following a 10 per cent drop in children’s clothing shipments to the United States in January of this year, the United States’ imports of children’s apparel from Vietnam increased by 20 per cent to $69 million in January-February of this year. During the same year, Bangladesh’s exports to the United States increased by 4.37 percent to $50.39 million.

Stratasys is launching the first 3D printer designed specifically for direct-to-textile printing.

The Stratasys J850 TechStyle has been developed to meet the unique needs of design and fashion manufacturers which include 3D printing for high-end, premium textiles and clothing, bags and accessories and footwear.

Stratasys is providing designers and fashion brands with the ability to differentiate their manufacturing practices through the unique versatility and productivity of the Stratasys 3DFashion solution which includes printer, workflow software and materials that support the individual needs of fashion manufacturers. This solution opens unlimited possibilities to personalize and customize 3D-printed fabric pieces, including limited editions and digital automation.

To further extend the reach of the J850 TechStyle, Stratasys has joined forces with a series of partners, including Dyloan and the D-house in Milan. A top innovation centre for evolving fashion technology, D-house demonstrates the versatility of 3D printing applications from concept design through production using Stratasys 3DFashion technology.

The J850 TechStyle 3D printer is designed to print directly on a variety of fabrics and garments, including denim, cotton, polyester, linen and leather at volumes ranging from single pieces to the tens of thousands.

The global shipping backlog is threatening to extend for many more years as renewed lockdowns in China slow trading to a crawl at some of the largest ports in the world.

Shanghai, the largest city in China and the busiest container port in the world, is in full lockdown as authorities face yet another wave of COVID-19. Off the coast, a growing number of cargo ships sit idle waiting to make landfall and unload. Josh Lamb, President, Australian Council of Wool Exporters and Processors said the problem was not just that wool was stuck on ships.

He said the industry had already been dealing with “logistics problems” and thought “some relief” would arrive in 2023 before the latest hiccup.

Paul Zalai, Director, Freight and Trade Alliance and Secretariat, Australian Peak Shippers Association said trade had already been backed up before China locked down.

Australia’s relative size and lack of domestic shipping have put the country directly into the firing line. Zalai said Australia was yet to feel the potential impact. The shipping lines have actually been a winner out of all of this, after years where they were really struggling, they’re really making up for lost time now and reporting multi-billion-dollar profits, he added.

He said as the backlogs grow, companies would have to start making difficult business decisions.

Unit sales of the US footwear industry declined 12 per cent in Q1 FY2022 while revenues declined 3 per cent as average prices increased 11 per cent. Compared to Q1 2019, revenue for the quarter increased by 3 per cent while unit sales declined by 10 per cent. In addition to the missing additional income from stimulus money, inflation fears might be driving some of the softness in the footwear industry this year.

Sales of some top footwear brands have softened, versus last year, and is underperforming compared to the rest of the market. There is a lot of activity in the footwear industry, particularly in the athletic space, as up-and-coming brands and new styles and technologies are being launched. Revenue from women’s footwear increased 4 per cent in Q1 while men’s segment saw a dip of 6 per cent, and children’s 12 per cent The average selling price (ASP) for women’s footwear increased more than other categories, which fueled its revenue increase.

Revenues in the sport leisure footwear category declined in the mid-teens in Q1, with units down in the high teens and average selling prices higher by mid-single digits. Nike’s sport leisure sales declined by about 25 per cent, while sales of Jordan and Adidas dropped in the mid-teens.

Sales revenue from fashion footwear, including dress, casual, and slippers, grew 11 per cent, as unit sales fell by 11 per cent. The only fashion segment to post unit sales growth was slippers, with sales rising across all wearers.

Within the fashion category, revenue from private label brands declined slightly. Crocs’ sales grew 9 per cent and Steve Madden’s sales grew 57 per cent, due to rising sales for sandals. Skechers sales declined 14 per cent.

Q2 aims to return to more pre-pandemic behaviors, such as more in-person work, travel, and attendance at events and gatherings. This will push up footwear sales in the fashion segment, while interest in fitness and the outdoors will help to drive the athletic business. However, macro pressures on the consumer combined with tough comparisons from 2021 will likely curb growth.

ICEX Spain Trade and Investment will organize the SpainFashion Lab London event from May 17-18, 2022 at Mortimer House in London. The event will showcase a range of handbags, footwear, evening wear, ready to wear and swimwear, from eight brands in the UK.

Brand MIM will showcase a range of vegan footwear including vegan sneakers and ankle boots as well as high-heeled sandals and espadrilles, for women between 18 and 35 years old. MIM´s designs are launched in two major collections, Autumn/Winter and Spring/Summer, along with two other smaller collections which are added mid-season. Sustainable bag and accessory brand Hemper, will showcase 100 per cent compostable products that have been handmade from natural hemp sustainably sourced in Nepal, using natural dyes made from local minerals and plants achieving unique colors.

Beach wear brand Dolores Cortés is available in over 1,500 stores in more than 15 countries. It is also distributed through more than 200 department stores and has 12 standalone stores in Spain.

Created from natural raw materials of the highest quality, Siyt’s s collections strike the perfect balance between subtle elegance and carefree charm. The brand also has an exclusive summer range, including swimming costumes and bikinis. PETA approved handbag brand Canussa, is committed to the use of non-animal-derived fabrics and has been awarded the coveted ‘Vegan PETA Approved’ certification.

Premium ready to wear and coat brand Cyrana was founded by Elisa Álvarez García in 2017. The brand brings cutting-edge versatility that combines uncompromising craftmanship and luxury with casual so that the transition from day to night is effortless. Ready to wear brand Missing Johnny is available in 23 countries with almost 700 stockists. The brand makes two collections per year, Autumn/Winter and Spring/Summer. Minidresses and T-shirts are key pieces, featuring a powerful design and color range in which red and green mix together between black and white contrasts.

Award-winning designer, Susana Lirola creates a strong ethos of elegant design, fusing traditional Spanish craftsmanship with modern craft techniques. Her creations are known for their uniqueness, style, luxury and comfort.

Owners of garment units in Tiruppur have announced a strike from May 16 to 21 to protest against the surge in yarn prices despite removal of import duty. Mohan Shankar, Proprietor, AK Fashion Garments said, most garment units in Tiruppur depend on other units for processing such as dyeing, printing, knitting, and embroidery. Increase in yarn price affects all segments of the industry directly. Hike in yarn prices also impacts business deals with foreign buyers, eroding exporters’ profit margins, he adds.

Raja N Shanmugham, President, Tiruppur Exporters Association (TEA) urged the Union government to ban cotton and yarn exports immediately till prices stabilize. D K Venkatacham, Special Advisor, Tamil Nadu Spinning Mills Association (TNSMA) opined, cotton hoarding by North India traders is creating cotton scarcity, leading to a hike in prices. The removal of import duty seems to have had no effect on the traders.

Immediately after the announcement of the duty removal, cotton prices dropped to Rs 96,000 per candy and at Rs 98,000 per candy for some days. But, as cotton availability reduced, prices began to rise. The current price of cotton candy is around Rs 102,000.